Birds of New York State: Conservation

Conservation - Table 2

Grouping of species with significantly decreasing, long-term population trends (Smith 1998) by general habitat types. Woodland is defined as a tree-dominated habitat with a canopy cover of less than 60%. Openland habitats include grasslands, hayfields, meadows, pastures, and in some cases (e.g., Horned Lark), cultivated fields. Edge can be at the interface between any two of the other habitat types. Forty species are listed here. English names are those recommended by the American Ornithologists' Union (1998).


Habitat Type and Associated Species	Percent of Total Decreasing Species


Forest and woodland species:	13/40 = 32.5%

Red-headed Woodpecker Downy Woodpecker Olive-sided Flycatcher Eastern Wood-Pewee Least Flycatcher Ruby-crowned Kinglet Veery Wood Thrush American Robin Black-and-white Warbler Canada Warbler Scarlet Tanager Purple Finch

Shrubland species:	8/40 = 20.0%

Eastern Kingbird Brown Thrasher Golden-winged Warbler Rufous-sided Towhee Field Sparrow Song Sparrow White-throated Sparrow American Goldfinch

Openland species:	10/40 = 25.0%

Ring-necked Pheasant Killdeer Northern Flicker Horned Lark Vesper Sparrow Savannah Sparrow Grasshopper Sparrow Henslow's Sparrow Red-winged Blackbird Eastern Meadowlark

Edges or other habitat types:	9/40 = 22.5%

American Black Duck Spotted Sandpiper Chimney Swift Purple Martin Bank Swallow European Starling Common Grackle Brown-headed Cowbird House Sparrow